OT theology.’3 At the same time, this rich vocabulary also testifies to the deep prevalence of sin in the world. ‘Humans have discovered an astonishing number of ways to manifest their estrangement from their creator.’4 If we narrow our focus to the Pentateuch, the most widely occurring terms (and their most common English translations) are the words ʿāwōn (iniquity/guilt) and pešaʿ (transgression), and several words built on the root ḥṭʾ (to sin).5 While it is generally agreed that these are
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